Anschluss (Annexation of Austria) 
 On March 11, 1938, Adolf Hitler sent his army into Austria, and on March 13 the annexation (Anschluss) of Austria to the Reich was declared. Most of the population welcomed the Anschluss enthusiastically, and this fervour also expressed itself in widespread anti-Semitic rioting and an almost total absence of resistance to the Nazis. The Austrian Nazis attacked the Jews and expelled them from the country's economic, cultural, and social life - indeed, they outdid the German Nazis. By March 18, the offices of the Jewish community and the Zionist institutions in Vienna were closed down, and their officers were put in jail; 444 Jewish societies in Vienna and 181 in the provinces were forced to terminate their operations. A total of 110 public personalities, bankers, and businessmen were arrested and deported to Dachau on April 1 and May 15 in the first two groups to be sent there from Vienna. In the first night following the Anschluss, March 13-14, the Gestapo launched an organised campaign of looting Jewish apartments, confiscating artworks, rugs, furniture, and other valuables, and shipping the loot to Berlin. On June 29, all Jews and all partners in mixed marriages who were employed in the private sector - some 40,000 persons - were dismissed from their jobs. The number of German "supervisors" of Jewish property rose from 917 in July 1938, to 2,787 that November, and the number of businesses they were supervising rose from 1,624 in July to 5,210 in September.